Creeks and critters

As part of the Community, Creeks & Critters project, 82 eDNA samples were collected from 41 sites throughout Hornsby Shire during Spring 2023 and Autumn 2024. Using vertebrate and decapod eDNA metabarcoding assays, these samples provided a baseline biodiversity assessment of vertebrate and decapod species across two seasonal events.

Citizen scientists were instrumental in collecting water samples at each location, significantly enhancing our understanding of local biodiversity.

Key highlights

Spring 2023

Vertebrate detections

A total of 97 vertebrate taxa were identified, including:

• 6 frog species
• 25 fish species
• 6 reptile species
• 36 bird species
• 24 mammal species

These taxa represent the diverse range of backboned animals living in and around our local waterways.

Decapod detections

5 decapod taxa were identified, including:

• Riffle Shrimp (Australatya striolata)
• Australian Glass Shrimp (Paratya australiensis)
• Sydney Spiny Crayfish (Euastacus australasiensis)
• Giant Spiny Crayfish (Euastacus spinifer)
• A Genus of Australian Freshwater Crayfish (Euastacus)

Notable Detections

2 threatened species:

• Grey-headed Flying Fox (Pteropus poliocephalus)
• Large-footed Bat (Myotis macropus)

13 introduced species:

• Saw-shelled turtle (Myuchelys latisternum), European carp (Cyprinus carpio), Goldfish (Carassius auratus), Genus of mosquitofish, Genus of rainbowfish, Genus of salmon & trout, Black rat (Rattus rattus), Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus), Common starling (Sturnus vulgaris), Domestic pigeon (Columba livia), European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), House mouse (Mus musculus), Song thrush (Turdus philomelos).

Taxa resolution

• 67% of vertebrate taxa (65 of 97) and 80% of decapod taxa were identified down to the species and common name level.
• 32 taxa could not be resolved to species level, likely due to limited reference data available for this region in the growing field of eDNA analysis.

Common detections

• The Longfin Eel (Anguilla reinhardtii) was the most frequently detected vertebrate species.
• Sydney Spiny Crayfish (Euastacus australasiensis) was the most common decapod detected.

Autumn 2024

Vertebrate detections

A total of 79 vertebrate taxa were identified, including:

• 3 frog species
• 19 fish species
• 4 reptile species
• 34 bird species
• 19 mammal species

These figures represent the distinct backboned species identified from local waterways during Autumn.

Decapod detections

5 decapod taxa were identified, including:

• Riffle Shrimp (Australatya striolata)
• Common Yabby (Cherax destructor)
• Sydney Spiny Crayfish (Euastacus australasiensis)
• Giant Spiny Crayfish (Euastacus spinifer)
• A Genus of Australian Freshwater Crayfish (Euastacus)

Notable detections

3 threatened species:

• Powerful Owl (Ninox strenua)
• Grey-headed Flying Fox (Pteropus poliocephalus)
• Pilotbird (Pycnoptilus floccosus)

9 introduced species:

• Saw-shelled turtle (Myuchelys latisternum), European carp (Cyprinus carpio), Goldfish (Carassius auratus), Eastern gambusia (Gambusia holbrooki), Red fox (Vulpes vulpes), Black rat (Rattus rattus), Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus), Domestic pigeon (Columba livia), House mouse (Mus musculus).

Taxa resolution

• 78% of vertebrate taxa (62 of 79) and 80% of decapod taxa were identified down to the species and common name level.
• 17 taxa could not be resolved to species level, likely due to the current limitations of regional eDNA reference data.

Common detections

• The Longfin Eel (Anguilla reinhardtii) remained the most frequently detected vertebrate species.
• Sydney Spiny Crayfish (Euastacus australasiensis) was again the most common decapod detected.

Points of interest

Rakali (Hydromys chrysogaster) were only detected at 2 sampling sites during the Spring sampling. Anecdotal reports suggest that they were once regularly seen swimming around places like Berowra Waters, but there are very few records documented within Hornsby Shire.

Longfin Eels (Anguilla reinhardtii) were the most commonly detected species. Known for their environmental resilience, they can survive environmental hazards like high water temperatures or low dissolved oxygen concentrations. That means they can generally live in habitats where other species cannot survive.

There were several fish species detected for the first time in Hornsby Shire such as the Eel-tailed Catfish, Australian Bass and a few species of Gudgeon. Introduced species such as the Saw-shelled Turtle and European Carp could pose a potential threat to native species.

Many of our citizen scientists were anticipating the detection of Australian water dragons and Red-bellied black snakes and expressed surprise when results returned negative detections for these species. This experience highlighted the importance of comprehensive and accessible reference databases in the success of eDNA analysis. Regrettably, the current reference database being utilized does not encompass Water dragons and Red bellies. Additionally, it's worth noting that the unique physiological characteristics of reptiles, such as their hard exterior skin, may result in comparatively fewer eDNA fragments being shed, adding further complexity to their detection.

Whilst no platypus were detected in either Spring or Autumn, we need to remember that a negative result does not necessarily mean they are not there, just they were not around our sample locations at that time. Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence! eDNA is just one tool in our scientific toolkit. We remain hopeful that platypus still reside in Colah Creek, if not other Hornsby Shire creeks.

Based on current local species lists documented within the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA) there were a significant number of new species recorded for the very first time within Hornsby Shire. The ALA serves as our nation's primary biodiversity database, offering the most comprehensive and accessible dataset on Australia's biodiversity ever compiled.

View an additional Data Dashboard from EnviroDNA Laboratories - Spring 2023 and Autumn 2024 and their written report(PDF, 3MB) .

In October 2023, “Creeks and Critters” citizen scientists collected 82 eDNA water samples from 41 sampling site locations across Hornsby Shire.

Analysis of the eDNA from these samples revealed a total of 97 vertebrate taxa. In layman’s terms, that equates to 97 different groupings of distinct backboned critters living in and around our local waterways.

Six frog, 25 fish, six reptile, 36 bird, and 24 mammal taxa were detected from the eDNA in this Spring sampling event.

There were a few fish species that were detected for the first time in the Hornsby Shire such as the Eel-tailed Catfish, Australian Bass and a few species of Gudgeon. Thirteen introduced species were detected including the Saw-shelled Turtle and European Carp, posing a potential threat to native species.

Whilst no platypus were detected, we need to remember that a negative result does not necessarily mean they are not there, just they were not around our sample locations at that time. Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence! eDNA is just one tool in our scientific toolkit. We remain hopeful that platypus still reside in Colah Creek, if not other Hornsby Shire creeks.

Our Creeks and Critters citizen scientists are getting prepared to sample the eDNA in our local waterways again in April (Autumn) 2024.

A significant number of new species were recorded for the very first time within Hornsby Shire. Please note that when we refer to "first, new, and/or previous records" we are basing these assertions on the current species lists for Hornsby Shire documented within the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA). The ALA serves as our nation's primary biodiversity database, offering the most comprehensive and accessible dataset on Australia's biodiversity ever compiled.

Some of the more interesting findings of the eDNA sampling include:

• 67% of our eDNA detections (i.e. 65 of the 97 taxa) were analysed down to the species and common name level. This means that the remaining 32 of the 97 taxa couldn’t be resolved down to a particular species. This shortcoming is likely due to the fact that we’re utilising an innovative yet developing scientific field sampling technique that currently has inadequate eDNA reference data for our particular regional location.

Mammals

• Grey-headed Flying Fox (Pteropus poliocephalus): Vulnerable species in NSW, recorded at 7 sampling sites.
• Large-footed Bat (Myotis macropus): Vulnerable species in NSW, detected at Colah Creek, a known habitat for these bats.
• Southeastern Free-tailed Bat (Ozimops planiceps): New record for Fiddletown Creek, with only two previous records in Hornsby Shire.
• Rakali (Hydromys chrysogaster): Positive detection at Seymours Creek & Fiddletown Creek, with very few records within Hornsby Shire.

Birds

Spiny-cheeked Honeyeater (Acanthagenys rufogularis): New record for Laughtondale Gully, uncommon in Hornsby Shire.

Reptiles

3 different species of Skinks were detected – Eastern water skink (Eulamprus quoyii) at 6 sites, Weasel skink (Saproscincus mustelinus) at 3 sites, and Barred-sided skink (Concinnia tenuis) at 2 sites.

Many of our citizen scientists were anticipating the detection of Australian Water Dragons and expressed surprise when the results returned negative. This experience highlighted the importance of comprehensive and accessible reference databases in the success of eDNA analysis. Regrettably, the current reference database being utilized does not encompass Water Dragons. Additionally, it's worth noting that the unique physiological characteristics of reptiles, such as their hard exterior skin, may result in comparatively fewer eDNA fragments being shed, adding further complexity to their detection.

Amphibians

Leaf Green Creek Frog (Litoria ranoidea) and Common Froglet (Crinia signifera): Third and fourth most commonly detected species across 25 and 22 sampling sites, respectively.

Fish

• Longfin Eels (Anguilla reinhardtii): Most commonly detected species across 35 sampling sites. Known for their environmental resilience, they can survive environmental hazards like high water temperatures or low dissolved oxygen concentrations. That means they can generally live in habitats where other species cannot survive.
• Cox’s Gudgeon (Gobiomorphus coxii): Second most commonly detected species across 30 sampling sites, expanding beyond previously recorded locations.
• Eel-tailed Catfish (Tandanus tandanus): First record for Hornsby Shire at Berowra Creek.
• Sea Mullet (Mugil cephalus): First record in Berowra Creek, previously only recorded at Cowan Creek.
• Australian Smelt (Retropinna semoni): First record for Colah Creek, expanding its known range.
• Australian Bass (Percalates novemaculeata): First record for Hornsby Shire, detected at 8 sampling sites.
• Bullrout (Notesthes robusta): First record for Hornsby Shire at Berowra Creek.
• Flatback Mangrove Goby (Mugilogobius platynotus): Detected at Seymours Creek, expanding its limited occurrence records.
• Flathead Gudgeon (Philypnodon grandiceps): New records for Hornsby Shire, expanding beyond previous locations.
• Striped Gudgeon (Gobiomorphus australis): Recorded at 13 sampling sites, with new records within Hornsby Shire.
• Dwarf Flathead Gudgeon (Philypnodon macrostomus): First record for Hornsby Shire at Sams Creek.
• Flat-tail Mullet (Liza argentea): New records for Hornsby Shire, expanding beyond previous locations.

Introduced species

Thirteen introduced critters were detected - 10 species and 3 genus - raising concerns for local biodiversity. These included: Black rat (Rattus rattus), Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus), Common starling (Sturnus vulgaris), Domestic pigeon (Columba livia), European carp (Cyprinus carpio), European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), Goldfish (Carassius auratus), House mouse (Mus musculus), Saw-shelled turtle (Myuchelys latisternum), Song thrush (Turdus philomelos), Genus of mosquitofish, Genus of rainbowfish, Genus of salmon and trout.

Saw-shelled Turtle (Myuchelys latisternum): Detected at Joe Crafts Creek, posing a potential threat to native turtle species.

Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos): New record for Hornsby Shire, detected along Colah Creek.

European Carp (Cyprinus carpio): Limited presence in lower Berowra Creek and Colah Creek, raising concerns for competition with native species.

Pig, Sheep, Cattle: possible explanations of the presence in the urban creeks could be run-off from garden manure or dog poo.

Salmon/Trout: detected at Georges Creek – possibly contaminated eDNA? Or maybe someone has thrown their fish lunch into the creek?

View an additional Data Dashboard from EnviroDNA Laboratories and their written report(PDF, 3MB).

"Community, Creeks & Critters - using eDNA technology to connect people, place, and science" was a project conducted throughout 2023 and 2024. It aimed to inspire local community members to become volunteer citizen scientists and was funded by the NSW Department of Premier and Cabinet as part of the NSW Social Cohesion Grants Round 2 – Unsung Heroes – Innovation in Volunteering program.

The project built upon a successful 2022 pilot initiative (Using Hornsby Platypus eDNA as a Catalyst for Healthy Waterways) funded by the Sydney Water Community Grants program, which used eDNA technology to detect platypus DNA in rural creeklines across Hornsby Shire. The “Creeks & Critters” project expanded this approach to employ broader eDNA metabarcoding techniques that could detect a wider range of species beyond just platypus. Additionally, it broadened the scope of eDNA sampling to include more creeks across Hornsby Shire, with sampling events planned to capture seasonal variation in Spring 2023 and Autumn 2024.

Environmental DNA (eDNA) is a cutting-edge, non-invasive technology used for wildlife monitoring and detection. All animals release DNA into their surroundings, such as through mucus, faeces, urine, gametes, and skin cells.

Scientists extract and analyse this DNA from water, air, or soil samples to trace the presence of various species. In this project, eDNA samples from water captured genetic evidence of species inhabiting local creeklines.

How does eDNA work?

There are two methods for identifying sources of eDNA – Barcoding & Metabarcoding:

• eDNA Barcoding: This method targets a specific gene to detect a single species. It was utilised in the Hornsby platypus eDNA pilot project.
• eDNA Metabarcoding: This method allows for the simultaneous identification of many taxa within the same sample. The main difference between barcoding and metabarcoding is that metabarcoding does not focus on one specific organism, but instead aims to determine species composition within a sample.

Limitations of eDNA monitoring

Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis has become a powerful tool in ecology and conservation biology for detecting the presence of species in aquatic environments. However, it does come with limitations:

1. Sampling Bias: eDNA analysis of the local waterways relied on filtering a sample of water (generally 400mL to 2000mL during both Creeks & Critters seasonal sampling events) in order to capture fragments of DNA (e.g. mucus, faeces, urine, gametes, and skin cells). This meant that capture of the DNA was subject to the limitations of sampling, including where and when samples were collected. The sampling method will only detect DNA that happens to be in the volume of water sampled. Therefore, it's possible to miss species that are present in the area but not in the sampled water.
2. Temporal and Spatial Variability: Environmental conditions, such as water flow, temperature, and the presence of inhibitors, can affect the distribution and degradation of DNA in the environment. Consequently, eDNA detection can vary temporally and spatially, leading to inconsistent results.
3. Sensitivity to Detection: The sensitivity of eDNA detection can vary depending on the target species, their abundance, and their behaviour. Rare or elusive species may not shed enough DNA into the environment for detection, leading to false negatives. Reptiles are renown for not shedding much DNA.
4. Community Composition: The diversity and abundance of species in a given area can affect the likelihood of detecting their DNA in a water sample. Species with higher biomass or shedding more DNA are more likely to be detected compared to rare or less abundant species.
5. DNA Persistence: DNA can degrade over time due to environmental factors such as sunlight, microbial activity, and water chemistry. This degradation can reduce the detectability of DNA, especially in certain environments.
6. Cross-contamination: There is a risk of cross-contamination between samples, which can lead to false positives if proper precautions are not taken during sample collection, processing, and analysis.
7. Reference Databases: The accuracy of species identification in eDNA analysis depends on the availability and quality of reference databases. Incomplete or inaccurate databases can lead to misidentification of species or failure to detect species not represented in the database. In Creeks & Critters, no Eastern Water Dragons or Red-bellied Black Snakes were detected due to these species not being represented in the projects eDNA analytical laboratory database.

An important goal of the "Creeks & critters" project was to encourage the local community to get involved and learn more about creek critters while picking up citizen science-based eDNA sampling and survey skills. Through local print and social media promotion, and by volunteers sharing this knowledge within local networks, the project aimed to deepen understanding of aquatic biodiversity, foster community connections, and contribute to the promotion of healthy waterways.

Citizen scientists participated in field work by collecting water samples from creeks using special, easy to use eDNA sampling kits. Samples were then sent off for laboratory analysis where a DNA reference library detected genetic traces (such as skin particles, mucus, faeces, and urine) left by different species in local creeks.

The collection of this valuable eDNA data not only facilitated a baseline assessment of creek biodiversity across the Shire, but also offered insights into local aquatic wildlife. This knowledge could prove crucial in the event of a natural disaster.

DNA data of this kind had never been gathered before within the Bushland Shire, making this the most significant citizen science and creek biodiversity research project in Hornsby’s history.

Project statistics

• 94 citizen scientists participated in the Spring eDNA sampling
• 54 citizen scientists participated in the Autumn eDNA sampling (participation dropped off due to the Sampling Saturdays having to be cancelled and rescheduled 4 times due to ongoing rainfall events and saturated catchments)
• 91 proposed creek sampling site locations were nominated by the community via an online mapping tool
• 85 citizen scientists attended one of three eDNA sampling training workshops
• 41 local waterway sites across Hornsby Shire were sampled for eDNA
• 164 individual eDNA filters were sent off for laboratory analysis (i.e. 2 replicate samples @ 41 sampling sites x 2 sampling events)
• Spring 2023 sampling: 97 vertebrate taxa (i.e. 6 frog, 25 fish, 6 reptile, 36 bird, and 24 mammal taxa), including 1 threatened species; Grey-headed flying fox (Pteropus poliocephalus) and 5 decapod taxa were detected
• Autumn 2024 sampling: 79 vertebrate taxa (i.e. 3 frog, 19 fish, 4 reptile, 34 bird, and 19 mammal taxa), including 3 threatened species; Powerful owl (Ninox strenua), Grey-headed flying-fox (Pteropus poliocephalus) and Pilotbird (Pycnoptilus floccosus) and 5 decapod taxa were detected.
• Longfin eel (Anguilla reinhardtii) and Sydney spiny crayfish (Euastacus australasiensis) were respectively the most commonly detected vertebrate and decapod taxon.
• An innovative Data Dashboard was developed to display the eDNA species detection data
• A baseline biodiversity assessment of Hornsby creeklines was created.
• 55 citizen scientists attended the final project presentation.

The project identified a diverse array of native vertebrate species, including fish, frogs, birds, reptiles, eels, turtles, rakali, flying foxes and microbats. Additionally, a number of feral species were detected, highlighting the impact of non-native fauna on local ecosystems. The eDNA analysis also revealed the presence of decapod species such as freshwater shrimp, spiny crayfish and common yabby, providing a richer understanding of the aquatic biodiversity within the Shire.

Some interesting findings:

• Longfin Eels were the most common detected species at 35 of the 41 sampling sites. Eels are considered one of the most tolerant fish species and can survive environmental hazards like high water temperatures or low dissolved oxygen concentrations. That means they can generally live in habitats where other species cannot survive.
• Cox’s Gudgeon was the second most common species detected at 30 of the 41 sites.
• Leaf Green Tree Frog and the Common Froglet were the third and fourth most common species detected at 25 and 22 of the 41 sites.
• Grey-Headed Flying Fox was detected and is considered a threatened species in NSW.
• About the size of a platypus, the white-tailed native otter-like Rakali was detected at only 2 of the 41 sites
• A significant number of new species were recorded for the very first time within Hornsby Shire.
• 12 introduced species were detected.
• The Saw-shelled turtle, considered an introduced species, was detected at Joe Crafts Creek. There are concerns that its presence may pose a potential threat to the local Eastern Longnecked turtle population.

July/August 2023 – Project promotion

A call-out for citizen scientists was made through local print and social media

August/September 2023 – Registration and Site Nomination

A Hornsby Council YourSay project webpage was set up to facilitate community engagement. Participants registered their interest in becoming citizen scientists and nominated preferred eDNA sampling sites by marking locations on an online map, with some sharing valuable local knowledge. Most nominations were for a participant’s local creek or a favoured bushwalking spot.

September/October 2023 – Finalising Sampling Sites

The project team and scientific experts reviewed 91 nominated sites and selected 41 based on a selection criteria, ensuring sites were either a freshwater creek, waterhole, or dam within Hornsby LGA and were located downstream of upper catchment stormwater pipes to maximise natural habitat sampling.

Participants were informed that the project budget allowed for the laboratory analysis of 41 eDNA samples in Spring 2023 and 41 eDNA samples in Autumn 2024.

October 2023 – SPRING eDNA Training and Sampling

Citizen scientists attended workshops to learn eDNA sampling techniques and collected water samples during designated "Sampling Saturdays". Workshops featured presentations from a local platypus expert and included a safety briefing and eDNA kit distribution.

• Workshops were held at Hornsby Library and Galston Community Centre.
• Sampling Saturdays operated from base camps at Hornsby Council Chambers and Galston Community Centre.

April-May 2024 – AUTUMN eDNA Training and Sampling

A training workshop went ahead as scheduled, but base camp "Sampling Saturdays" had to be postponed on four occasions due to extreme wet weather events saturating catchments and creating unsuitable and unsafe sampling conditions. Sampling resumed when conditions improved, with the final sampling session completed on the 1st of June.

August 2024 – Final Project Presentation

A project presentation was held on 22 August 2024 showcasing findings and celebrating the contributions of the project’s valued citizen scientists.

Results for the Creeks & Critters eDNA water sampling (Spring 2023 & Autumn 2024) within Hornsby Shire waterways can be interrogated via the Data Dashboard below.

Note: You can view the Dashboard below in fullscreen by clicking the arrow in the bottom right corner. The Dashboard is best viewed on a desktop computer – unfortunately it is currently not designed for a mobile phone.

View an additional Data Dashboard from EnviroDNA Laboratories and their written report(PDF, 2MB).

Instructions on how to navigate the eDNA Data Dashboard

How do I most easily navigate to a particular creek eDNA sampling site to see what was detected?

• Go to the Site Name control panel.
• Click on the white portion to show a drop-down menu of all site locations.
• Click on the location of your choice to reveal relevant site results.
• Play around with the other buttons & control panels and explore – remember, this dashboard was developed to enable our citizen scientists to better analyze the eDNA data.
• Check out the information on the various dashboard controls

How do I look for a particular species and where it was detected?

• Push the Reset Button (circular button with arrows).
• Push the Critter Locator Toggle.
• Click on the Common Name or Species of the critter you want to check out.

TIPS

• Select multiple items (e.g. site locations on the map, drop-down menu, table, site list, status filter or images) by holding down the CTRL key.
• Reset all filters by clicking the circular Reset button with arrows.
• The Dashboard is best viewed on a desktop computer – unfortunately it is not designed for a mobile phone!

Dashboard Controls

Hornsby Shire eDNA Sampling Site Locations

Use the dashboard map to navigate via eDNA Sampling Site locations.

• Click on a blue dot to bring up results for that site location. Results are shown across the dashboard within a results list, species hierarchy wheel and as representative images.
• Hovering over a blue dot brings up a pop-up box containing relevant site information & observations collected by our citizen scientists. Move your mouse outside the red Hornsby Shire LGA boundary (or click outside LGA) to remove pop-up box.
• To reset and display all the blue dots click the reset button (i.e. circular button with arrows).

Site name

This part of the dashboard displays the eDNA sampling site names.

A drop-down box allows you to select a specific sampling site location.

Reset button (circular button with arrows)

The Reset Button returns the Dashboard to its general default display which displays all site locations on the map (and all associated Results).

If in doubt, commence each new search by pressing the reset button.

Sample number (S1 & S2)

This allows one to see the difference between eDNA Samples 1 and 2. Two replicates were sampled/collected at each site location. (Note: The difference between these replicate samples highlights one of the limitations of eDNA sampling whereby certain DNA fragments were captured in one sample but not in the other.)

Critter locator toggle

This button allows one to highlight locations of specific critters.

Press the Toggle button and then select a critter from the Results list.

Multiple critters can be selected by holding down the CTRL button on your keyboard and selecting additional critters.

The Toggle can also be used to bring up all the site locations and then navigate from site to site by clicking on each one.

eDNA sampling results

The Results table displays a summary of all the critters detected via the eDNA sampling. The columns provide biological classifications and other information, including:

• Common Name
• Species
• More Info - weblink to the Atlas of Living Australia
• Group
• Status – defines as either Domesticated, Introduced or Native.
• Sequence - The sequence count is an indication of how many times a DNA sequence matched to a name was counted. It is not an indication of how many individuals with that name were detected. This only shows us presence and absence of an organism.
• Sites - the number of sites where a particular critter was detected. If you click on the number these sites will be highlighted on the map.

Species hierarchy wheel

This displays all species found for the sites selected – i.e. the Group they belong to, and the Family and Common names. Click on any segment within the wheel to highlight:

• Species within the results table.
• Site locations within the map.
• The number in the middle of the wheel shows the percentage representation.
• Click on the segment again to deselect.

Site details

This button brings up a page that displays:

• Top 10 sites by count of species detected.
• Top 10 species by count of species detected.
• Sample site metadata - additional sampling site information, including observational and environmental data collected in situ by our citizen scientists.
• Distribution of detected species by site

Press the back arrow in the left-hand top corner to get back to the main page.

Status filter

These dashboard buttons sort the data into Domesticated, Introduced and Native classifications.

Images of critters detected

These dashboard images are representative of the species listed within the results table.

Click on an image to see the name in the table and the site location on the map.

If you want to know more about that species, click on the More Info weblink in the table.